The Science

How AdBlue® turns
toxic exhaust into clean air.

Inside every BS6 and BS4 diesel vehicle sits a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) system. MetaBlue AdBlue® is the fluid that makes it work — dosed into the hot exhaust stream to break down nitrogen oxides into the same nitrogen and water vapour that already make up the air we breathe.

32.5% pure urea
ISO 22241 / AUS-32
95%+ NOx reduction
Close-up of a diesel vehicle's SCR exhaust system where AdBlue is injected
SCR Catalyst
Where ammonia meets NOx and the reaction happens
The Five Stages

From combustion to clean air.

A closer look at every step inside the SCR system.

STEP 1
Diesel combustion

The engine produces exhaust that contains nitrogen oxides (NOx).

STEP 2
Injection

A small, precise dose of AdBlue® is sprayed into the hot exhaust gas stream.

STEP 3
Decomposition

Heat breaks AdBlue® down into ammonia (NH₃) and carbon dioxide (CO₂).

STEP 4
Reaction in the SCR catalyst

Ammonia reacts with NOx over the catalyst surface.

STEP 5
Clean exhaust

Harmful NOx is converted into nitrogen (N₂) and water vapour (H₂O) — natural parts of the air.

95%+

of NOx emissions are removed when AdBlue® works inside the SCR catalyst — turning toxic exhaust into harmless nitrogen and water vapour.

DPF Explained

The Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF).

The exhaust after-treatment system of a BSVI vehicle uses a filter called the Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF). As the name suggests, the DPF's job is to trap the particulate matter from the exhaust gases.

Like any filter, the DPF must be cleaned as per your vehicle's service manual at regular intervals so it can continue to perform its function effectively — working hand-in-hand with the SCR system and AdBlue®.

Handling & Storage

Keep it pure, keep it working.

AdBlue® is sensitive to contamination. A few simple practices protect both the fluid and your SCR system.

Use dedicated equipment

Never refill used DEF containers. Only fill and dispense with equipment kept exclusively for AdBlue®.

Protect from contaminants

Keep DEF away from fuel, oil, water, dust, dirt and metals — even small amounts can damage the catalyst.

Store correctly

Store between −11°C and +30°C, out of direct sunlight. Sealed, it keeps an ideal shelf life of around 12 months.

Specifications

Typical Physical Characteristics

Density @ 20°C
ISO 12185
1087 – 1093 kg/m³
Refractive Index @ 20°C
ISO 22241-2 Annex C
1.3814 – 1.3843
Insoluble Matter
ISO 22241-2
20 mg/kg max
Urea Content (m/m)
ISO 22241-2 Annex B & C
31.8 – 33.2%